Chingwe Chomangira

Chingwe chomangira chingwe (chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti payipi, zip tayi) ndi mtundu wa chomangira, chogwirizira zinthu pamodzi, makamaka zingwe zamagetsi, ndi mawaya. Chifukwa cha mtengo wake wotsika, kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta, komanso mphamvu yomangira, zingwe zomangira chingwe zimapezeka paliponse, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zina zambiri.

Chingwe chodziwika bwino, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ndi nayiloni, chimakhala ndi tepi yosinthasintha yokhala ndi mano omwe amagwirana ndi chikwapu pamutu kuti apange ratchet kotero kuti pamene gawo lomasuka la tepi likukokedwa, chingwecho chimalimba ndipo sichimachotsedwa. Ma tayi ena amaphatikizapo tabu yomwe ingatsegulidwe kuti itulutse ratchet kuti tayiyo imasulidwe kapena kuchotsedwa, ndipo mwina ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito. Mitundu yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ina yokutidwa ndi pulasitiki wolimba, imagwira ntchito kunja ndi malo oopsa.

Kapangidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito

Chingwe chodziwika bwino chimakhala ndi tepi yosinthasintha ya nayiloni yokhala ndi chogwirira cha gear, ndipo kumapeto kwina pali ratchet mkati mwa bokosi laling'ono lotseguka. Nsonga yolunjika ya chingwe ikakokedwa kudzera mu bokosi ndikudutsa ratchet, imalepheretsedwa kukokedwa kumbuyo; kuzungulira komwe kumabwera kungakokedwe molimbika kwambiri. Izi zimathandiza kuti zingwe zingapo zimangidwe pamodzi kukhala chingwe cholumikizira ndi/kapena kupanga mtengo wa chingwe.

Chipangizo chomangirira chingwe kapena chida chingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyika chingwe chokhala ndi mphamvu inayake. Chipangizocho chingadule mchira wowonjezera ndi mutu kuti chipewe m'mphepete wakuthwa zomwe zingayambitse kuvulala. Zipangizo zopepuka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofinya chogwirira ndi zala, pomwe mitundu yolemera imatha kuyendetsedwa ndi mpweya wopanikizika kapena solenoid, kuti tipewe kuvulala mobwerezabwereza.

Pofuna kuwonjezera kukana kwa kuwala kwa ultraviolet pa ntchito zakunja, nayiloni yokhala ndi 2% yakuda ya kaboni imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza unyolo wa polima ndikuwonjezera nthawi yogwira ntchito ya chingwe. [Kufunika kofotokozera] Zomangira za buluu zimaperekedwa kumakampani ogulitsa chakudya ndipo zimakhala ndi zowonjezera zachitsulo kuti zitha kuzindikirika ndi zida zowunikira zitsulo zamafakitale.

Ma chingwe omangira opanda zitsulo amapezekanso kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mosapsa moto—ma chingwe omangira opanda zitsulo omangira amapezeka kuti ateteze kuukira kwa galvanic kuchokera ku zitsulo zosiyana (monga thireyi ya chingwe yomangira ndi zinc).

Mbiri

Zomangira za chingwe zinapangidwa koyamba ndi Thomas & Betts, kampani yamagetsi, mu 1958 pansi pa dzina la Ty-Rap. Poyamba zinapangidwira zomangira za waya za ndege. Kapangidwe koyambirira kanagwiritsa ntchito dzino lachitsulo, ndipo izi zikadalipobe. Opanga pambuyo pake adasintha kukhala kapangidwe ka nayiloni/pulasitiki.

Kwa zaka zambiri, kapangidwe kake kakhala kakukulitsidwa ndi kupangidwa kukhala zinthu zambiri zosinthika. Chitsanzo chimodzi chinali lupu yodzitsekera yokha yomwe idapangidwa ngati njira ina m'malo mwa suture ya thumba la ndalama mu anastomosis ya m'matumbo.

Woyambitsa ma waya a Ty-Rap, Maurus C. Logan, adagwira ntchito ku Thomas & Betts ndipo adamaliza ntchito yake ndi kampaniyo monga Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa Kafukufuku ndi Chitukuko. Pa nthawi yake ku Thomas & Betts, adathandizira pakupanga ndi kutsatsa zinthu zambiri zopambana za Thomas & Betts. Logan anamwalira pa 12 Novembala 2007, ali ndi zaka 86.

Lingaliro la chingwe chomangira linafika kwa Logan pamene ankayendera fakitale yopanga ndege ya Boeing mu 1956. Kulumikiza mawaya a ndege kunali ntchito yovuta komanso yodzaza ndi tsatanetsatane, yokhala ndi waya wa mapazi zikwizikwi wokonzedwa pa mapepala a plywood a mamita 15 kutalika ndipo amagwiridwa ndi chingwe cha nayiloni cholumikizidwa ndi sera. Mfundo iliyonse inkayenera kukokedwa mwamphamvu pokulunga chingwecho pa chala cha munthu chomwe nthawi zina chimadula zala za wogwiritsa ntchito mpaka zitapanga mabala olimba kapena "manja a hamburger." Logan anali wotsimikiza kuti payenera kukhala njira yosavuta komanso yokhululuka, yokwaniritsira ntchito yofunikayi.

Kwa zaka zingapo zotsatira, Logan anayesa kugwiritsa ntchito zida ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana. Pa June 24, 1958, patent ya chingwe cha Ty-Rap inaperekedwa.